生きがい文献総説と定義

長谷川明弘,藤原佳典,星旦二　(2001)　

高齢者の「生きがい」とその関連要因についての文献的考察－生きがい・幸福感との関連を中心に－,

総合都市研究第７５号, pp147-170.

2001年9月28日

▶概要：「生きがい」研究を概観し、海外で開発された尺度を用いた研究が多く、今後は日本で独自に開発した尺度による実証研究の必要性を論じ、改めて「生きがい」を定義し「生きがい」が高齢者だけでなくすべての世代にわたり、さらに「生きがい」研究が心理学に限定されない学際的なテーマであることを論じた。

▶キーワード：Elderly(高齢者), IKIGAI(生きがい), Well-being（幸福感） , Morale(モラール), Life Satisfaction(人生満足), Purpose in Life(人生の目的), Definition(定義), Interdisciplinary(学際), Japanese Culture(日本文化), Life Style(生き方)

▶備考：本論文は、博士論文1章とほぼ同様の内容となっている。

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The Review of IKIGAI on the Relationship of Ikigai and Well-being in the Elderly

Akihiro Hasegawa*， Yoshinori Fujiwara** and Tanji Hoshi*** *Graduate Student， Tokyo Metropolitan University ** “TokyoMetropolitan Institute of Gerontology ***GraduateSchool of Urban Science， Tokyo Metropolitan University

This paper reviws evidence concerning the relationship of IKIGAI and Well-being in the elderly people. The word “IKIGAI” has a meaning peculiar to Japan， and includes various concepts. The word “IKIGAI” from Japanese translates into English， it would be similar to self-actualization， meaning of life， purose in life.

The purpose of this paper is considering as the data at the time of arranging the result including the definition reported by “IKIGAI” research and the related factor. We would be specify a definition of “IKIGAI” newly， and considering a future subject and the direction of research.

The reference reported until now was surveyed and “IKIGAI” was defined newly as follows “IKIGAI” is work of the mind which unified an “object” and “the feeling by which it is accompanied”， when person inquired as“What is your IKIGAI ? ““object” includes a past experience， the present occurrence， and the image of future. On the other hand，“the feeling by which it is accompanied” includes the various feeling of the springing self-actualization and will， life fullness， useful volition ， and the feeling of presence， the feeling of the intended movement. If the simple measure which can measure “IKIGAI” in deployment of future research， and the standardized question are completed， the original research which explores medical treatment， health， welfare， and not only a gerontology but Japanese culture will be attained， and the difference by the place-of-residence region in and outside the country can also be considered. Moreover， since “IKIGAI” deals in the indicator of an individual way of life， it would be an interdisciplinary research subject.

Comprehensive Urban Studies， No.75， 2001， pp.147-170